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304+ answers about
cancer screening science.

Everything about the Yenos miRNA platform, ordering, results, safety, and regulatory status — answered in plain language.

🧬 MicroRNA Science🔬 Yenos Nanopore Platform🧪 The Three Biomarkers📊 Accuracy & Detection🛒 Ordering Your Kit📦 Collection & Shipping🏥 Lab Processing📋 Understanding Results🛡️ Eligibility & Safety⚖️ Regulatory & Legal

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304 questions answered across 10 categories.

🧬

MicroRNA Science

63 articles

What is microRNA?
How does microRNA relate to cancer?
Why did microRNA win the Nobel Prize?
How can microRNA be detected in urine?
Is urine-based microRNA testing as accurate as blood-based testing?
What is the Healthy Level (HL) and why does it matter?
What does 'zero data overlap' mean and why is it significant?
Which types of cancer overexpress the miRNAs measured by OncuraKit?
How early does microRNA overexpression occur before symptoms appear?
How is microRNA testing different from traditional protein biomarker tests like PSA or CA-125?
How many peer-reviewed studies exist on microRNA and cancer?
Are microRNAs stable enough to survive shipping from home to the lab?
Does microRNA expression vary by age, sex, or ethnicity?
What is the difference between an oncogenic miRNA and a tumor-suppressive miRNA?
What are exosomes and how do they relate to miRNA cancer detection?
What is post-transcriptional gene regulation and why does it matter for cancer?
When and how was microRNA discovered?
How are microRNAs made inside the cell?
Is OncuraKit considered a liquid biopsy?
Why does OncuraKit use three miRNA markers instead of just one?
Can microRNA markers be truly universal across different cancer types?
Can miRNA testing detect brain cancer?
What does the '-5p' or '-3p' suffix in a miRNA name mean?
How does microRNA-based detection compare to DNA methylation-based cancer tests?
What is the difference between RNA and DNA in the context of cancer testing?
How consistently are miRNA levels elevated in cancer patients?
What is the biological mechanism by which cancer-derived miRNA appears in urine?
What is the normal function of miR-21, miR-375, and miR-141 in healthy cells?
Is OncuraKit a diagnostic test or a screening test?
Can inflammation or infection cause a false positive miRNA result?
Why does hormonal therapy affect miRNA levels?
What evidence shows that miRNA is elevated at Stage I and Stage II specifically?
How does miRNA relate to epigenetics?
Can food, supplements, or medications affect miRNA levels?
What is cell-free miRNA and is that what OncuraKit measures?
Can miRNA levels predict cancer prognosis or severity?
What is the difference between PCR-based miRNA detection and nanopore-based detection?
Can OncuraKit identify which organ the cancer is coming from?
Who is the scientist behind the Yenos miRNA detection platform?
Why is urine better than blood for this particular miRNA test?
What does 'peer-reviewed' mean and why does it matter for OncuraKit?
What does 'single-molecule detection' mean for miRNA testing?
What does 'femtomolar sensitivity' mean?
Why is miR-15b-5p included as an internal control?
Why isn't the sensitivity 100% — why does miR-375 only achieve 81.5%?
How small is a microRNA molecule?
Is miRNA overexpression related to hereditary cancer risk?
How does miRNA-based testing compare to proteomics-based cancer detection?
Is miRNA being used in clinical oncology today beyond OncuraKit?
Does kidney function affect miRNA levels in urine?
What is the advantage of amplification-free miRNA detection?
What role does the enzyme DICER play in miRNA biology?
What is the RISC complex and how does it relate to miRNA function?
What are Argonaute proteins and why are they important for miRNA detection?
Do any medical organizations endorse miRNA-based cancer screening?
How does total RNA normalization work in the Yenos assay?
Is OncuraKit the same as Oxford Nanopore sequencing?
In what units is miRNA measured in the OncuraKit test?
Can benign (non-cancerous) conditions cause miRNA overexpression?
Does OncuraKit screen the whole body for cancer simultaneously?
Why are miRNA levels elevated during pregnancy?
Why does chemotherapy affect miRNA levels?
What is the history of Yenos Analytical's research?
🔬

Yenos Nanopore Platform

44 articles

What is a nanopore and how does it work?
How exactly does the nanopore platform detect microRNA?
What is the osmium metalorganic probe and why is it used?
What is a picoampere and why does 180 pA matter?
What is the MinION device?
How is the Yenos use of the MinION different from Oxford Nanopore's standard sequencing?
Why does the MinION/Yenos platform have exactly 2,048 nanopores?
Why is the fact that this test requires no amplification so important?
What is a flow cell in the context of nanopore detection?
What nanopore protein is used in the MinION/Yenos system?
How does an electrical signal become a miRNA count?
What is the 'bracketing protocol' used by Yenos and why does it improve accuracy?
What is CLIA certification and what does it mean for your lab?
What quality control measures does Yenos Analytical use?
How does the Yenos lab validate a patient's result before reporting it?
What is the confirmatory second test and how does it raise specificity to 99.9%?
How many samples can Yenos analyze per day?
What step-by-step process does Yenos follow when they receive my sample?
What is the sensitivity limit of the MinION/Yenos platform?
What patents protect the Yenos nanopore miRNA detection platform?
How does the Yenos nanopore platform compare to next-generation sequencing (NGS)?
Does the Yenos laboratory analysis require special temperature conditions?
Can a technical failure at the lab produce a false negative result?
Who runs the tests at Yenos Analytical?
How is nanopore current data converted into a clinical result?
How long does a nanopore channel last during a run?
What are the published peer-reviewed studies supporting the Yenos/OncuraKit platform?
How long does a single nanopore analysis run take?
What is the error rate of the Yenos nanopore miRNA quantification?
How is RNA extracted from the urine sample at the lab?
How does the nanopore platform distinguish between different miRNA sequences?
How does nanopore miRNA detection compare to ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)?
How does the nanopore platform affect the cost of the test?
What future improvements are planned for the Yenos nanopore platform?
Why measure specific miRNAs instead of the whole transcriptome?
How much urine is needed for the test?
Can substances in urine interfere with the nanopore analysis?
Has the Yenos nanopore platform been independently replicated by other researchers?
What validation was required before OncuraKit could be offered as a clinical test?
What aspects of the Yenos platform are protected by intellectual property?
Could the MinION/Yenos platform eventually be used at point-of-care?
How does the Yenos platform compare to droplet digital PCR (ddPCR)?
How automated is the Yenos laboratory process?
What temperature range can the sample tolerate during shipping?
🧪

The Three Biomarkers

38 articles

Which specific microRNAs does OncuraKit measure?
Which cancer types is each miRNA associated with?
What is miR-21-5p and what does it do in cancer?
What is the PTEN pathway and why does miR-21 suppressing it matter?
What is miR-375-3p and what does it do in cancer?
What is miR-141-3p and what does it do in cancer?
Why is miR-15b-5p listed as 'internal control only' and not a cancer marker?
How many studies have been published on each of the three cancer biomarkers?
What is the overall accuracy when all three markers are considered together?
Which six cancer types does OncuraKit formally screen for?
How does OncuraKit complement prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing?
How does OncuraKit relate to mammography for breast cancer screening?
Why is early detection of pancreatic cancer especially important?
Why is OncuraKit relevant for ovarian cancer detection?
How does OncuraKit compare to low-dose CT (LDCT) for lung cancer screening?
How does OncuraKit fit alongside colonoscopy for colorectal cancer screening?
How large was the sample size in the Yenos validation studies?
What biological factors could cause a true false positive on all three markers?
What does 'sensitivity' mean in the context of a cancer screening test?
What does 'specificity' mean in the context of a cancer screening test?
What is the false positive rate of OncuraKit?
What is the false negative rate of OncuraKit?
Do miRNA levels fluctuate day-to-day or seasonally?
Should I use first morning urine for the collection?
What is the miR-200 family and how does miR-141 fit in?
What markers does Galleri use compared to OncuraKit?
What markers does the Shield test use compared to OncuraKit?
Were the validation samples specifically Stage I and Stage II cancer patients?
Will OncuraKit add more miRNA markers in the future?
Does it matter what time of day I collect my sample?
How often should I repeat the OncuraKit test?
Does alcohol consumption affect miRNA levels?
Does intense exercise affect miRNA levels in urine?
Does smoking affect miRNA levels?
Can chronic diseases like diabetes or autoimmune conditions affect miRNA results?
Are there clinical trials using miR-21 as a therapeutic target?
Can OncuraKit be used to monitor cancer recurrence after treatment?
Does OncuraKit have higher value for high-risk populations?
📊

Accuracy & Detection

34 articles

Why is early-stage cancer detection so much better for survival?
What are the 5-year survival rates by stage for the six cancers OncuraKit screens for?
How does OncuraKit compare to Galleri by Grail?
What is the evidence for OncuraKit's Stage I sensitivity of 81–97%?
What does p=1.6×10⁻²² mean in plain language?
What is RSD and what do the Yenos RSD values mean?
Why is Galleri's Stage I sensitivity only 16.8%?
What is the positive predictive value (PPV) of OncuraKit?
What is the negative predictive value (NPV) of OncuraKit?
How does OncuraKit's accuracy compare to traditional single-cancer screening tests?
What is the cancer incidence rate for adults over 60?
How can OncuraKit help someone with an inconclusive PSA, mammogram, or colonoscopy?
Has OncuraKit been validated across diverse racial and ethnic populations?
Does obesity or BMI affect OncuraKit's accuracy?
Can a urinary tract infection (UTI) affect OncuraKit accuracy?
How does repeat annual testing improve cancer detection over time?
What other multi-cancer early detection tests are currently available?
Is statistical significance the same as clinical significance?
Why does it take 5–7 days to get results?
What can't OncuraKit tell me?
What is the cost-benefit of OncuraKit at $995?
Has OncuraKit been validated by any independent institution?
Are there large prospective population studies planned for OncuraKit?
Can OncuraKit detect cancer at Stage 0 (carcinoma in situ)?
What is the advantage of testing for six cancer types simultaneously versus separate tests for each?
Where does OncuraKit fit in the broader liquid biopsy landscape?
Should I use a cancer risk calculator before ordering OncuraKit?
Can someone under 60 take OncuraKit?
Is OncuraKit equally applicable to both men and women?
I have an autoimmune condition. Can I take OncuraKit?
I am a cancer survivor in remission. Can I take OncuraKit?
I take multiple prescription medications. Do they affect my results?
Should I do OncuraKit instead of or in addition to my regular cancer screenings?
Should I share my OncuraKit report with my doctor?
🛒

Ordering Your Kit

39 articles

How do I order an OncuraKit?
Why does OncuraKit cost $995?
What is included in the $995 price?
Is OncuraKit eligible for HSA or FSA payment?
Is OncuraKit covered by health insurance?
Why doesn't OncuraKit require a prescription?
How long does it take for my kit to arrive after ordering?
How do I track my kit shipment?
Does OncuraKit ship to Hawaii, Alaska, and US territories?
Does OncuraKit ship internationally?
Can I order OncuraKit for a family member?
How can an employer or healthcare organization order OncuraKit in bulk?
What is the business case for an employer offering OncuraKit?
What is the OncuraKit Partner Program?
Can I cancel my order?
What is the OncuraKit refund policy?
What should I do if my kit arrives damaged?
How do I access my results when they are ready?
How is my account and results data protected?
Who can see my OncuraKit test results?
Can I share my OncuraKit results with my doctor?
How should I store the kit before I'm ready to use it?
Is OncuraKit a one-time purchase or a subscription?
Can I give OncuraKit as a gift to a family member?
What payment methods does OncuraKit accept?
Do I need to create an account to order?
Is rush processing available for faster results?
Can multiple people in my household order at the same time?
When will I receive confirmation that my order was placed?
What if I make a mistake during collection? Can I get a replacement kit?
Will OncuraKit automatically charge me in the future?
Who manufactures the OncuraKit collection kit?
Can you give me a complete list of everything in the kit?
How often should I order OncuraKit?
Will I receive a receipt for my purchase?
How do physicians order OncuraKit for their patients?
Is there a concierge or white-glove service for high-net-worth individuals?
Is there a discount available for veterans or active military?
Is financial assistance available for patients who cannot afford OncuraKit?
📦

Collection & Shipping

29 articles

How do I collect my urine sample?
What are the best practices for getting a high-quality sample?
When should I NOT collect my sample?
How long is my collected sample stable before it needs to reach the lab?
Can I mail my sample on a Friday or over a weekend?
How do I ship my sample back to the lab?
Can I collect my sample while menstruating?
Are there any special collection instructions for men?
Can I collect a sample if I have a urinary catheter?
What if I can only collect a small amount of urine?
What happens if my sample fails quality control at the lab?
Does the color or smell of my urine affect the results?
Should I avoid vitamins or supplements before collecting?
How much water should I drink before collection?
Why is mid-day urine preferred over first morning urine?
How do I add the preservation media to my specimen?
Can I collect my sample in a public restroom?
Can I collect my sample while traveling?
What is the chain-of-custody form and why is it important?
Is the return shipping label included in the kit?
What happens if my specimen is lost in transit?
Can a healthcare provider collect my sample in a clinic for me?
Should I refrigerate my specimen before mailing?
Should I take a pregnancy test before using OncuraKit?
Does using a bidet before collection affect results?
My urine looks very dark. Should I wait and drink more water before collecting?
I ran a marathon recently. How long should I wait before collecting?
Does sexual activity before collection affect results?
Can someone with limited mobility or physical disability use OncuraKit?