Does kidney function affect miRNA levels in urine?

Significant renal impairment could theoretically affect the filtration and concentration of miRNA in urine. The Healthy Level (HL) normalization used by Yenos is designed to account for variation in urine concentration — because miRNA level is expressed as a ratio relative to total RNA content rather than as an absolute concentration, it largely compensates for differences in urine dilution caused by varying kidney function or hydration status. The published Yenos studies did not specifically enroll patients with severe renal disease, and for individuals with known chronic kidney disease (CKD stage III or above), we recommend discussing this test with your physician before ordering. For individuals with normal or mildly impaired renal function, this is not expected to be a significant factor.