How is RNA extracted from the urine sample at the lab?

RNA extraction from urine involves several steps to isolate and concentrate the miRNA from the sample matrix. The Yenos laboratory uses a validated RNA extraction protocol appropriate for low-abundance extracellular RNA in urine. Typically, this involves centrifugation to remove cells and debris, concentration of the supernatant, RNA isolation using silica-column or bead-based capture chemistry, and elution in an aqueous buffer suitable for downstream nanopore analysis. The specific extraction protocol used by Yenos is part of their validated standard operating procedures and is designed to maximize miRNA yield and purity while maintaining the relative proportions of the target miRNAs. Total RNA content is measured post-extraction for HL normalization.